IIT Madras & ISRO jointly develops India’s first Aerospace-Grade Semiconductor IRIS

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 A significant advancement in semiconductor technology has been made by the Indian Space Research Organization ( ISRO ) and the Indian Institute of Technology Madras ( IIT Madras ). They have developed and successfully tested IRIS (Indigenous RISCV Controller for Space Applications), a SHAKTI -based semiconductor chip of aerospace quality. This development was part of the effort to indigenize semiconductors used by ISRO for its applications, Command and Control Systems and other critical functions aligning with its march towards ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ in Space Technologies. The SHAKTI microprocessor project is led by Prof. V. Kamakoti at Prathap Subrahmanyam Centre for Digital Intelligence and Secure Hardware Architecture ( PSCDISHA ) in Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Madras. The SHAKTI class of systems are based on RISC-V , an open-source Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), for designing custom processors. ‘SHAKTI’ is backed by Ministry of Electronics and Info...
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Introduction To Boolean Logic Circuits : Part 2

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Hello guys sorry for the late post since i was busy with something else, from now on i will be posting regularly so stay tuned 
In the previous session we learned about boolean algebra its significance, truth tables, and some logic operators also known Logic gates
In this session we will know about the other operators we use in boolean circuits .

Part 1


MORE LOGIC OPERATORS
Till now we have studied about AND, OR & NOT operator these were the basic operators .
There are two more types of operators :
Universal operators i.e. NOR & NAND
Special operators i.e. XOR & XNOR

NOR OPERATOR 




This Operator is a culmination of two operators OR operator followed by NOT operator. It simply reverses the value of OR operator. All outputs of NOR operator is 0 if any of the inputs is 1.
It can be represented as ( A + B)dash = Y read as A NOR B
The truth table of NOR operator is as follows:



NAND OPERATOR




This operator follows an order of AND operator followed by NOT operator. it is also the reverse of AND operator. All outputs of NAND operator is 1 if any of the inputs is 0.
It is represented as (A.B)dash read as A NAND B
The truth table of NAND operator is as follows:



XOR OPERATOR




This is a special operator named Exclusive-OR  also known as X-OR or XOR. It gives exclusive outputs based on the operator inputs. It gives 1 as output if either but not both of its inputs are 1. It is represented by encircled plus sign between A & B read as A XOR B
The truth table of XOR operator is as follows:



XNOR OPERATOR




This is another special operator named  Exclusive-NOR  also known as X-NOR or XNOR. It will only give 0 as output if either of the two values is 0 but not for both 0 or 1. It  is simply the inverse of XOR.
It is represented by encircled plus sign between A & B with a bar over their head or followed by a dash read as A XNOR B
The truth table of XNOR operator is as follows:




So now we know about the basics of Boolean logic and operators. But why do we need to know all this ? It is because Computers communicates with high and low voltages or off and on, where off denotes 0 and on denotes 1. And to set up any kind of circuits from machinary level we can only communicate with computers through combinations of 0 and 1 . Whereas logic gates are used to generate signals in basic level circuitry. Without this logic we can't even think of making any electronic stuff.
So for now you can summarise everything because in the next session we will learn about
Boolean algebra like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division and how this sets of 0s and 1s make up entirely everything in this world of technology !
Thank you for visiting, have a nice day !

Location: Brooklyn Bridge Park Pier 3 Plaza, 334 Furman St, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA

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